Mibvunzo Inowanzo bvunzwa

Zvigadzirwa

Mamodule

1. Ko Toenergy inopa mamodule akagadzirirwa iwe here?

Mamodule akagadzirwa anowanikwa kuti agutse zvinodiwa nevatengi, uye anoenderana nezvinodiwa nemaindasitiri nemamiriro ekuyedza. Munguva yekutengesa, vatengesi vedu vachazivisa vatengi nezveruzivo rwekutanga rwemamodule akarairwa, kusanganisira nzira yekuisa, mamiriro ekushandisa, uye musiyano uripo pakati pemamodule akajairwa neakagadziriswa. Saizvozvowo, vamiririri vachazivisawo vatengi vavo nezveruzivo nezvemamodule akagadzirwa.

2. Pane musiyano uripo pakati pefuremu yemodule nhema kana yesirivha here?

Tinopa mafuremu matema kana esirivha emamodules kuti aenderane nezvikumbiro zvevatengi uye mashandisirwo emamodules. Tinokurudzira mamodules anoyevedza eblack-frame epamusoro pematenga uye madziro emaketeni ekuvaka. Mafuremu matema kana esirivha haakanganisi simba remodule.

3. Ko simba richabuda here kana zvinhu zvaiswa kuburikidza nekuboorwa nekukwevera?

Kuboora nekuwedera hazvikurudzirwi nekuti zvinogona kukuvadza chimiro chose chemodule, zvichikonzera kuora kwesimba rekutakura zvinhu panguva yebasa rinotevera, izvo zvinogona kukonzera kutsemuka kusingaonekwe mumamodule uye nekudaro kukanganisa kugona kwesimba.

4. Kuwanda kwesimba uye kugona kwakaiswa kwemamodules kunoverengwa sei?

Kubudirira kwesimba remodule kunoenderana nezvinhu zvitatu: mwaranzi yezuva (H--peak hours), chiyero chesimba remodule nameplate (watts) uye kushanda zvakanaka kwesystem (Pr) (kazhinji inotorwa pa80%), uko huwandu hwesimba rose huri chibereko chezvinhu izvi zvitatu; kukosha kwesimba = H x W x Pr. Kugona kwakaiswa kunounganidzwa nekuwedzera chiyero chesimba remodule imwe chete nehuwandu hwemamodules ari musystem. Semuenzaniso, kune mamodules gumi nemakumi maviri nemasere ane makumi maviri nemashanu (285 W) akaiswa, kugona kwakaiswa i285 x 10 = 2,850 W.

5. Kuvandudzwa kwesimba kunogona kuitwa sei nekushandisa mamodule ePV maviri?

Kuvandudzwa kwesimba rinoitwa ne ma module e PV maviri kana tichienzanisa nema modules akajairwa kunoenderana nekuratidzwa kwepasi, kana kuti albedo; kukwirira uye azimuth ye tracker kana imwe racking yakaiswa; uye chiyero chechiedza chakananga nechiedza chakapararira munzvimbo iyi (mazuva ebhuruu kana grey). Zvichienderana nezvinhu izvi, huwandu hwekuvandudzwa hunofanira kuongororwa zvichienderana nemamiriro chaiwo e PV power plant. Kuvandudzwa kwesimba remagetsi maviri kunobva pa5--20%.

6. Hunhu hwemamodules hunogona kuvimbiswa here kana mamiriro ekunze akaipisisa?

Mamodule eToenergy akaedzwa zvakasimba uye anokwanisa kutsungirira kumhanya kwemhepo ine dutu kusvika kuGiredhi 12. Mamodule aya ane giredhi reIP68 risingapindi mvura, uye anogona kutsungirira zvinobudirira chimvuramabwe chehukuru hwe25 mm.

7. Kugadzirwa kwemagetsi zvinobudirira kunogona kuvimbiswa kwemakore mangani?

Monofacial modules ine waranti yemakore makumi maviri nemashanu yekugadzira magetsi zvinobudirira, nepo bifacial module performance ichivimbiswa kwemakore makumi matatu.

8. Ndeipi mhando yemodule iri nani pakushandisa kwangu, monofacial kana bifacial?

Mamodule maviri anodhura zvishoma pane mamodule maviri, asi anogona kugadzira simba rakawanda mumamiriro ezvinhu akakodzera. Kana divi rekumashure remodule risina kuvharwa, chiedza chinogamuchirwa nedivi rekumashure remodule mbiri chinogona kuwedzera simba rayo zvakanyanya. Pamusoro pezvo, chimiro chegirazi-girazi chemodule mbiri chinodzivirira zviri nani kukanganiswa nemhepo inoputika, mhute yemunyu, nezvimwewo. Mamodule maviri anotaridzika zvakanaka akakodzera kuiswa munzvimbo dzine makomo uye kushandiswa kwedenga remba.

Kupa Mazano Kwehunyanzvi

Zvivakwa zveMagetsi

1. Ndezvipi zvikamu zvemagetsi zve photovoltaic modules?

Maparamita emagetsi e photovoltaic modules anosanganisira open circuit voltage (Voc), transfer current (Isc), operating voltage (Um), operating current (Im) uye maximum output power (Pm).
1) Kana U=0 kana zvikamu zvakanaka nezvakaipa zvechikamu zvakapfupikiswa, magetsi panguva ino ndiwo magetsi mapfupi. Kana materminal akanaka neakaipa echikamu asina kubatana nemutoro, voltage iri pakati pematerminal akanaka neakaipa echikamu ndiyo voltage yakavhurika yedunhu.
2) Simba guru rinobuda rinoenderana nekupenya kwezuva, kupararira kwespectral, tembiricha inoshanda zvishoma nezvishoma uye saizi yemutoro, zvinowanzo edzwa pasi pemamiriro ezvinhu akajairwa eSTC (STC inoreva AM1.5 spectrum, simba remwaranzi yechiitiko i1000W/m2, tembiricha yezvikamu pa25°C)
3) Voltage inoshanda ivoltage inoenderana nepower point yepamusoro, uye working current inoenderana nepower point yepamusoro.

2. Chii chinonzi voltage yemodule imwe neimwe? Pane switch here?

Voltage yemagetsi yakavhurika yemhando dzakasiyana dzema photovoltaic modules yakasiyana, iyo ine chekuita nehuwandu hwemasero ari mumodule uye nzira yekubatanidza, iyo inenge 30V ~ 60V. Zvikamu hazvina switch dzemagetsi dzakasiyana, uye voltage inogadzirwa kana paine chiedza. Voltage yemagetsi yakavhurika yemhando dzakasiyana dzema photovoltaic modules yakasiyana, iyo ine chekuita nehuwandu hwemasero ari mumodule uye nzira yekubatanidza, iyo inenge 30V ~ 60V. Zvikamu hazvina switch dzemagetsi dzakasiyana, uye voltage inogadzirwa kana paine chiedza.

3. Ndeipi voltage yakanaka/isina kunaka yechikamu ichi kusvika pasi, ihafu yevoltage yedunhu rakavhurika here?

Mukati me photovoltaic module mudziyo we semiconductor, uye voltage iri pasi haina kugadzikana. Kuyera zvakananga kucharatidza voltage iri kuyerera uye kuchakurumidza kuora kusvika pa 0, iyo isina kukosha kwekutarisa kunoshanda. Zvinokurudzirwa kuyera voltage ye open circuit pakati pe positive ne negative terminals dzemodule pasi pemamiriro ekunze echiedza.

4.Magetsi emagetsi nemagetsi echiteshi chemagetsi hazvina kugadzikana, dzimwe nguva zvakakwirira uye dzimwe nguva zvakaderera. Chii chinokonzera izvi, uye zvichakanganisa kugadzirwa kwechiteshi chemagetsi here?

Kushanda nesimba kwemagetsi ezuva (solar power plants) uye magetsi emagetsi ezuva zvine chekuita nekupisa, chiedza, nezvimwewo. Sezvo tembiricha nechiedza zvichichinja nguva dzose, magetsi nemagetsi zvinochinja-chinja (tembiricha yepamusoro nemagetsi akaderera, tembiricha yepamusoro nemagetsi akakwira; chiedza chakanaka, magetsi akakwira nemagetsi); kushanda kwezvikamu Tembiricha iri -40°C-85°C, saka kuchinja kwetembiricha hakuzokanganisi kugadzirwa kwemagetsi echiteshi chemagetsi.

5. Voltage ye open circuit iri mukati mehuwandu hwemagetsi chaiwo ingani?

Voltage yedunhu rakavhurika yemodule inoyerwa pasi pemamiriro eSTC (1000W/㎡irradiance, 25°C). Nekuda kwemamiriro emwaranzi, mamiriro ekupisa, uye kururama kwechishandiso chekuyedza panguva yekuzviedza, voltage yedunhu rakavhurika uye voltage yezita rezita zvichakonzereswa. Pane kutsauka pakuenzanisa; (2) Coefficient yekushisa kwevoltage yedunhu rakavhurika yakajairika inenge -0.3(-)-0.35%/℃, saka kutsauka kwemuedzo kwakabatana nemusiyano uripo pakati petembiricha ne25℃ panguva yekuedzwa, uye voltage yedunhu rakavhurika inokonzerwa nekupenya. Musiyano hauzopfuuri 10%. Saka, kazhinji, kutsauka pakati pevoltage yedunhu rakavhurika inowanikwa panzvimbo nenzvimbo chaiyo yezita rezita kunofanirwa kuverengerwa zvichienderana nenzvimbo chaiyo yekuyera, asi kazhinji haizopfuuri 15%.

6. Chii chinonzi kupatsanura mazita pari zvino?

Ronga zvikamu zvichienderana nemagetsi akayerwa, wozvimaka uye wozvisiyanisa pazvikamu zvacho.

7. Ungasarudza sei inverter?

Kazhinji, inverter inoenderana nechikamu chemagetsi inogadziriswa zvichienderana nezvinodiwa nesystem. Simba reinverter yakasarudzwa rinofanira kuenzana nesimba guru re photovoltaic cell array. Kazhinji, simba rekubuda rakarongwa re inverter ye photovoltaic rinosarudzwa kuti rifanane nesimba rese rekupinda, kuitira kuti zvichengetedze mari.

8. Ungawana sei ruzivo rwezviwanikwa zvezuva munharaunda?

Pakugadzira sisitimu ye photovoltaic, danho rekutanga, uye danho rakakosha zvikuru, nderekuongorora zviwanikwa zvesimba rezuva uye data remamiriro ekunze rine chekuita nenzvimbo yakaiswa uye inoshandiswa purojekiti. Data remamiriro ekunze, rakadai semwaranzi yezuva yemuno, mvura inonaya, uye kumhanya kwemhepo, idata rakakosha pakugadzira sisitimu. Parizvino, data remamiriro ekunze renzvimbo chero ipi zvayo pasi rose rinogona kubvunzwa mahara kubva kuNASA's National Aeronautics and Space Administration mamiriro ekunze.

Nheyo yeModules

1. Sei zhizha riri mwaka wakakodzera kwazvo wekuisa magwenya emagetsi ezuva nezuva?

1. Zhizha ndiwo mwaka apo kushandiswa kwemagetsi mudzimba kunowanzoita kuti pave nehuwandu hwakawanda hwemagetsi. Kuisa ma "photovoltaic power plants" emumba kunogona kuderedza mari yemagetsi.
2. Kuisa ma "photovoltaic power plants" ekushandisa pamba kunogona kubatsirwa nehurumende, uye kunogonawo kutengesa magetsi akawandisa kune grid, kuitira kuti uwane mabhenefiti ezuva, ayo anogona kushanda mabasa akasiyana-siyana.
3. Chiteshi chemagetsi che photovoltaic chakaiswa padenga chine simba rekudzivirira kupisa, izvo zvinogona kuderedza tembiricha yemukati nemadhigirii 3-5. Kunyange zvazvo tembiricha yechivako ichidzorwa, inogona kuderedza zvakanyanya kushandiswa kwesimba remhepo inotonhodza.
4. Chinhu chikuru chinokanganisa kugadzirwa kwemagetsi ezuva nezuva. Muzhizha, mazuva anoreba uye husiku hupfupi, uye nguva dzekushanda dzechiteshi chemagetsi dzinoreba kupfuura nguva dzose, saka kugadzirwa kwemagetsi kunowedzera.

2. Ndezvipi zvinhu zvinoshanda, zvichiri kugadzira magetsi husiku here?

Chero bedzi paine chiedza, mamodules achaburitsa voltage, uye simba rinogadzirwa nemufananidzo rinoenderana nesimba rechiedza. Zvikamu zvichashandawo mumamiriro ekunze echiedza chakaderera, asi simba rinobuda richaderera. Nekuda kwechiedza chisina kusimba husiku, simba rinogadzirwa nemamodules harikwani kufambisa inverter kuti ishande, saka mamodules kazhinji haagadzire magetsi. Zvisinei, mumamiriro ezvinhu akaoma akadai sechiedza chemwedzi chakasimba, system ye photovoltaic inogona kunge ichiri nesimba rakaderera.

3. Ndezvipi zvikamu zvinonyanya kuumbwa nemamodule e photovoltaic?

Mamodule ephotovoltaic anonyanya kuumbwa nemasero, firimu, backplane, girazi, furemu, junction box, ribhoni, silica gel nezvimwe zvinhu. Bhatiri ndiro chinhu chikuru chekugadzira magetsi; zvimwe zvinhu zvinopa dziviriro pakurongedza, rutsigiro, kubatana, kudzivirira mamiriro ekunze nezvimwe zvinhu.

4. Musiyano uripi pakati pemamodule emonocrystalline nemamodule epolycrystalline?

Musiyano uripo pakati pemamodule emonocrystalline nemamodule epolycrystalline ndewekuti masero akasiyana. Mamonocrystalline cells nemamodule epolycrystalline ane musimboti mumwe chete wekushanda asi maitiro ekugadzira akasiyana. Chitarisiko chacho chakasiyanawo. Bhatiri remonocrystalline rine arc chamfering, uye bhatiri repolycrystalline rakaita serectangle.

5. Musiyano uripi pakati pemamodule ane mativi maviri nemamodule ane mativi maviri?

Rutivi rwepamberi rwemoduli imwe chete ndiyo inogona kugadzira magetsi, uye mativi ese emoduli ine mbiri mbiri ndiyo inogona kugadzira magetsi.

6. Mavara ezvikamu zviri mu "square matrix" anotaridzika zvakasiyana, mamiriro acho akaita sei?

Pane jira refirimu rinofukidza pamusoro pebhatiri, uye kuchinja-chinja kwemaitiro ekugadzirisa kunoita kuti pave nekusiyana muukobvu hwejira rebhatiri, izvo zvinoita kuti chitarisiko chebhatiri chisiyane kubva pabhuruu kusvika padema. Masero anorongwa panguva yekugadzira module kuti ave nechokwadi chekuti ruvara rwemasero ari mukati memodule imwe chete rwakafanana, asi pachava nekusiyana kwemavara pakati pemamodule akasiyana. Musiyano weruvara ingori musiyano muchimiro chezvikamu, uye hauna simba pakushanda kwemagetsi kwezvikamu.

7. Ko photovoltaic module inogadzira mwaranzi here panguva yekugadzira magetsi?

Magetsi anogadzirwa ne photovoltaic modules ndee direct current, uye electromagnetic field yakapoteredza yakagadzikana, uye haiburitse mafungu e electromagnetic, saka haizoburitse mwaranzi ye electromagnetic.

Mashandiro uye Kugadzirisa Mamodule

1. Ungawedzera sei kugadzirwa kwemagetsi kwezvikamu zvedenga zvakaparadzirwa?

Mamodule emagetsi ezuva ari padenga anofanira kucheneswa nguva nenguva.
1. Gara uchitarisa kuchena kwenzvimbo ine chikamu (kamwe chete pamwedzi), uye gara uchiichenesa nemvura yakachena. Paunenge uchichenesa, nyatsocherechedza kuchena kwenzvimbo ine chikamu, kuitira kuti usapise nzvimbo inopisa yenzvimbo ine chikamu inokonzerwa netsvina yakasara;
2. Kuti muviri usakuvadzwe nemagetsi uye zvimwe zvinhu zvinogona kukuvara kana uchipukuta zvinhu pasi pekupisa kwakanyanya uye chiedza chakasimba, nguva yekuchenesa ndeyemangwanani nemanheru pasina chiedza chezuva;
3. Edza kuva nechokwadi chekuti hapana masora, miti, uye zvivakwa zvakakwirira kupfuura module kumabvazuva, kumaodzanyemba kwakadziva kumabvazuva, kumaodzanyemba kwakadziva kumadokero, uye kumadokero kwemodule. Masora nemiti zvakakwirira kupfuura module zvinofanira kuchekwa nenguva kudzivirira kuvhara uye kukanganisa kugadzirwa kwemagetsi emodule.

2. Module ye photovoltaic inorohwa nesimba rekunze uye ine maburi kana kuti yakatyoka, inokanganisa kugadzirwa kwemagetsi here?

Kana chikamu chacho chakuvara, mashandiro emagetsi ekuputira anodzikira, uye pane njodzi yekubuda kwemvura uye kuvhunduka kwemagetsi. Zvinokurudzirwa kutsiva chikamu chacho nechimwe chitsva nekukurumidza mushure mekunge magetsi adzimwa.

3.Matsutso ari kuuya, mamiriro ekunze anotonhora, mvura nemhute zvinowanda, zviteshi zvemagetsi zvinogadzira magetsi zvinogona here kugadzira magetsi?

Kugadzirwa kwemagetsi e photovoltaic module kwakabatana zvikuru nemamiriro ekunze akadai semwaka mina, masikati neusiku, uye kune makore kana zuva. Mumamiriro ekunze ekunaya, kunyangwe pasina chiedza chezuva chakananga, kugadzirwa kwemagetsi e photovoltaic power plants kunenge kwakaderera, asi hakuregi kugadzira simba. Ma photovoltaic modules achiri kuchengetedza kushanda zvakanaka kwekuchinja kwemagetsi pasi pechiedza chakapararira kana kunyange mamiriro echiedza chisina kusimba.
Mamiriro ekunze haagone kudzorwa, asi kuita basa rakanaka rekuchengetedza ma photovoltaic modules muhupenyu hwezuva nezuva kunogonawo kuwedzera kugadzirwa kwemagetsi. Mushure mekunge zvikamu zvaiswa uye zvatanga kugadzira magetsi zvakanaka, kuongororwa nguva dzose kunogona kuramba kuchiziva mashandiro echiteshi chemagetsi, uye kuchenesa nguva dzose kunogona kubvisa guruva nedzimwe tsvina pamusoro pezvikamu uye kuvandudza kushanda zvakanaka kwezvikamu.

4. Ungachengetedza sei chiteshi chako chemagetsi che photovoltaic muzhizha?

1. Chengetedza mhepo inofefetera, gara uchitarisa kupisa kwakatenderedza inverter kuti uone kana mhepo ichigona kutenderera zvakanaka, gara uchichenesa zvidziviriro zviri pazvikamu, gara uchitarisa kana mabhureki nezvisungo zvezvikamu zvisina kusimba, uye gara uchitarisa kana tambo dziri pachena. Mamiriro ezvinhu nezvimwewo.
2. Iva nechokwadi chekuti hapana sora, mashizha akadonha uye shiri dziri pedyo nechiteshi chemagetsi. Yeuka kusaomesa zvirimwa, mbatya, nezvimwewo pamamodule emagetsi anopenya. Nzvimbo idzi hadzingokanganisi kugadzirwa kwemagetsi chete, asiwo dzinokonzera mhedzisiro yenzvimbo inopisa yemamodule, zvichikonzera njodzi dzekuchengetedza.
3. Hazvibvumirwi kupfapfaidza mvura pazvinhu zvinotonhorera panguva yekupisa kwakanyanya. Kunyangwe rudzi urwu rwenzira yevhu ruchigona kukonzera kutonhora, kana nzvimbo yako yemagetsi isina kuvharwa zvakanaka panguva yekugadzira nekuisa, panogona kuva nenjodzi yekuvhunduka kwemagetsi. Pamusoro pezvo, kushanda kwemvura inotonhorera kuti itonhorere kwakafanana ne "mvura yezuva yakagadzirwa", iyo inoderedzawo kugadzirwa kwemagetsi panzvimbo yemagetsi.

5. Maitiro ekubvisa mamodules?

Robhoti rekuchenesa nekuchenesa nemaoko rinogona kushandiswa mumhando mbiri, dzinosarudzwa zvichienderana nehunhu hwesimba remagetsi uye kuoma kwekushandisa; kutarisirwa kunofanira kupihwa kune maitiro ekubvisa guruva: 1. Munguva yekuchenesa zvikamu, zvinorambidzwa kumira kana kufamba pamusoro pezvikamu kudzivirira simba renzvimbo pazvikamu. Extrusion; 2. Kuwanda kwekuchenesa module kunoenderana nekumhanya kweguruva netsvina yeshiri pamusoro pemodule. Nzvimbo yemagetsi ine dziviriro shoma inowanzo chenurwa kaviri pagore. Kana dziviriro yacho yakakomba, inogona kuwedzerwa zvakakodzera zvichienderana nekuverenga kwehupfumi. 3. Edza kusarudza zuva remangwanani, manheru kana makore apo chiedza chisina kusimba (mwaranzi yakaderera pane 200W/㎡) yekuchenesa; 4. Kana girazi, backplane kana tambo yemodule yakakuvara, inofanira kutsiviwa nenguva isati yacheneswa kudzivirira kuvhunduka kwemagetsi.

6. Chii chinokonzera kukwenya backplane yemamodules egirazi rimwe chete uye kuti ungaigadzirisa sei?

1. Kukwenya kwemusana wemodule kuchaita kuti utsi hwemvura hupinde mumodule uye kuderedza kushanda kwekudzivirira kwemodule, izvo zvinoisa njodzi huru yekuchengetedza;
2. Kushanda nekugadzirisa kwezuva nezuva cherechedza kuti uone kana mikwarudzo yemusana isina kunaka, tsvaga uye uigadzirise nenguva;
3. Kana mavanga asina kudzika uye asingapindi pamusoro, unogona kushandisa tepi yekugadzirisa backplane yakaburitswa pamusika kuti uigadzirise. Kana mavanga acho akakomba, zvinokurudzirwa kuti uitsive zvakananga.

7. Zvinodiwa pakuchenesa module yePV?

1. Mukuchenesa module, zvinorambidzwa kumira kana kufamba pamusoro pemodules kudzivirira kubuda kwemodules munzvimbo iyoyo;
2. Kuwanda kwekuchenesa module kunoenderana nekumhanya kwekuungana kwezvinhu zvinovhara zvakaita seguruva nemarara eshiri pamusoro pemodule. Nzvimbo dzemagetsi dzisina kuvharika zvakanyanya dzinowanzo chenesa kaviri pagore. Kana kuvharika kwacho kwakakomba, kunogona kuwedzerwa zvakakodzera zvichienderana nekuverenga kwehupfumi.
3. Edza kusarudza mazuva emangwanani, manheru kana makore apo chiedza chisina kusimba (mwaranzi yakaderera pane 200W/㎡) yekuchenesa;
4. Kana girazi, backplane kana tambo yemodule yakakuvara, inofanira kutsiviwa nenguva isati yacheneswa kudzivirira kuvhunduka kwemagetsi.

8. Ndezvipi zvinodiwa nemvura pakuchenesa module?

Kumanikidzwa kwemvura yekuchenesa kunokurudzirwa kuti kuve ≤3000pa kumberi uye ≤1500pa kuseri kwemodule (kumashure kwemodule ine mativi maviri kunoda kucheneswa kuti magetsi apedzwe, uye kumashure kwemodule yakajairika hakukurudzirwi). ~8 pakati.

9. Pane tsvina pamadziro asingabviswi nemvura yakachena. Ndezvipi zvinhu zvekuchenesa zvinogona kushandiswa?

Kune tsvina isingabviswe nemvura yakachena, unogona kusarudza kushandisa michina yekuchenesa magirazi yeindasitiri, doro, methanol nezvimwe zvinonyungudutsa zvichienderana nerudzi rwevhu. Zvinorambidzwa zvachose kushandisa zvimwe zvinhu zvemakemikari zvakaita sehupfu hunogumbura, mushonga wekuchenesa unogumbura, mushonga wekuchenesa unosuka, muchina wekupukuta, sodium hydroxide, benzene, nitro thinner, strong acid kana strong alkali.

10. Nzira yekuwedzera kugadzirwa kwemagetsi panzvimbo yemagetsi? Nzvimbo yemagetsi inofanira kucheneswa here?

Mazano: (1) Gara uchitarisa kuchena kwepamusoro pemodule (kamwe chete pamwedzi), uye nguva dzose kuchenesa nemvura yakachena. Paunenge uchichenesa, cherechedza kuchena kwepamusoro pemodule kudzivirira nzvimbo dzinopisa pamodule dzinokonzerwa netsvina yakasara. Nguva yekuchenesa ndeyemangwanani nemanheru kana pasina chiedza chezuva; (2) Edza kuva nechokwadi chekuti hapana masora, miti nezvivakwa zvakakwirira kupfuura module kumabvazuva, kumaodzanyemba kwakadziva kumabvazuva, kumaodzanyemba kwakadziva kumadokero, kumaodzanyemba kwakadziva kumadokero uye kumadokero kwemodule, uye kucheka masora nemiti zvakakwirira kupfuura module nenguva kudzivirira kuvharika. Kukanganisa kugadzirwa kwemagetsi kwezvikamu.

11. Kugadzira simba remamodule maviri emagetsi kwakakwira zvakadii kupfuura mamodule akajairwa?

Kuwedzera kwekugadzirwa kwemagetsi emamodule maviri kana tichienzanisa nemamodule akajairwa kunoenderana nezvinhu zvinotevera: (1) kupenya kwepasi (chena, chakajeka); (2) kukwirira uye kurerekera kwerutsigiro; (3) chiedza chakananga uye kupararira kwenzvimbo yairi Chiyero chechiedza (denga rakasviba zvakanyanya kana kuti grey zvishoma); saka, chinofanira kuongororwa zvichienderana nemamiriro chaiwo echiteshi chemagetsi.

12. Kuvharwa kwemumvuri kunokonzera nzvimbo dzinopisa here? Uye kukanganisa kugadzirwa kwemagetsi kwezvikamu zvacho here?

Kana paine kuvharika pamusoro pemodule, panogona kunge pasina nzvimbo dzinonetsa, zvinoenderana nemamiriro chaiwo ekuvharika. Zvichakanganisa kugadzirwa kwemagetsi, asi kukanganiswa kwacho kwakaoma kuyera uye zvinoda mainjiniya vane hunyanzvi kuti vaverenge.

Mhinduro

Chiteshi cheMagetsi

1. Ndezvipi zvikonzero zvinoita kuti kuchinja-chinja kwemagetsi nemagetsi emagetsi ePV kuitike? Kuchinja-chinja kwemhando iyi kuchakanganisa here goho remagetsi emagetsi emuchina?

Kushanda nesimba kwemagetsi ePV kunokanganiswa nekupisa, chiedza nezvimwe zvinhu. Nguva dzose pane kuchinja-chinja kwemagetsi nemagetsi sezvo kusiyana kwekupisa nechiedza kunoramba kuripo: kana tembiricha yakakwira, voltage yakadzikira uye magetsi akakwira, uye kana simba rechiedza rakwira, voltage nemagetsi zvinokwira. Mamodule anogona kushanda patembiricha ye -40°C--85°C saka simba remagetsi ePV richaonekwa richikanganiswa.

2. Kushanda zvakanaka kwekugadzira magetsi ePV kuchakanganiswa nekusiyana kwemavara here?

Mamodule anotaridzika sebhuruu zvachose nekuda kweganda risingaratidzi mwenje pamusoro pemasero. Zvisinei, pane musiyano muruvara rwemamodule nekuda kwemusiyano wakasiyana muukobvu hwemafirimu akadaro. Tine seti yemavara akasiyana-siyana akajairika, anosanganisira bhuruu diki, bhuruu rakareruka, bhuruu repakati, bhuruu rakasviba uye bhuruu rakadzika remamodule. Uyezve, kushanda zvakanaka kwekugadzira simba rePV kunobatanidzwa nesimba remamodule, uye hakukanganisirwi nekusiyana kwemavara.

3. Simba rinogona kuwedzerwa sei ukuwo nzvimbo yemagetsi yePV ichichengetedza yakachena?

Kuti simba rezvirimwa rirambe rakanaka, tarisa kuchena kwenzvimbo dzemamodule mwedzi wega wega uye gara uchidzigeza nemvura yakachena. Kunofanira kutariswa pakuchenesa zvizere nzvimbo dzemamodule kudzivirira kuumbwa kwenzvimbo dzinopisa pamodules kunokonzerwa netsvina yakasara uye kusvibiswa, uye basa rekuchenesa rinofanira kuitwa mangwanani kana husiku. Uyewo, musabvumira chero miti, miti nezvivakwa zvakareba kupfuura mamodules ari kumabvazuva, kumaodzanyemba kwakadziva kumabvazuva, kumaodzanyemba kwakadziva kumadokero, kumaodzanyemba kwakadziva kumadokero uye kumadokero kwenzvimbo. Kuchekerera miti nezvirimwa zvakareba kupfuura mamodules nenguva kunokurudzirwa kudzivirira mumvuri uye zvinogona kukanganisa simba remodules (kuti uwane rumwe ruzivo, tarisa bhuku rekuchenesa.

4. Ndezvipi zvimwe zvezvikonzero nei goho remagetsi richigona kuderera zvakanyanya pane mamwe masisitimu pane mamwe?

Kubudirira kwesimba remagetsi ePV kunoenderana nezvinhu zvakawanda, kusanganisira mamiriro ekunze enzvimbo yacho uye zvese zvikamu zvakasiyana-siyana zviri musystem. Mumamiriro ebasa akajairika, kugona kwesimba kunoenderana zvakanyanya nemwaranzi yezuva nemamiriro ekuisa, izvo zvinogona kusiyana zvakanyanya pakati penzvimbo nemwaka. Pamusoro pezvo, tinokurudzira kutarisisa zvakanyanya pakuverenga kugona kwesimba remagetsi pagore pane kutarisa padata rezuva rekubudirira.

5. Gomo = Mupata wegomo? Mutsetse mukuru = Wakaoma?

Nzvimbo iyi inonzi yakaoma ine migero yakatsetseka, mafambiro akawanda akananga kumateru, uye mamiriro akaomarara e geology uye hydrological. Pakutanga kwekugadzira, timu yekugadzira inofanirwa kufunga zvizere nezve shanduko dzinogona kuitika mu topography. Kana zvisina kudaro, ma modules anogona kuvharwa kubva kuzuva rakananga, zvichikonzera matambudziko anogona kuitika panguva yekuronga nekuvaka.

6. Munhu anoronga sei nzvimbo ine makomo?

Kugadzirwa kwemagetsi eMountain PV kune zvinodiwa pakugadzira nzvimbo nenzvimbo. Kazhinji, zvakanaka kusarudza nzvimbo yakati sandara ine nzvimbo iri kumaodzanyemba (kana nzvimbo iri pasi pemadhigirii makumi matatu nemashanu). Kana ivhu rine nzvimbo iri pasi pemadhigirii makumi matatu nemashanu kumaodzanyemba, zvichikonzera kuoma kwekuvaka asi simba rakawanda rinobuda uye nzvimbo diki dzenzvimbo nenzvimbo, zvingave zvakanaka kufunga nezvesarudzo yenzvimbo. Mienzaniso yechipiri inzvimbo dzine nzvimbo dziri kumaodzanyemba kwakadziva kumabvazuva, nzvimbo iri kumaodzanyemba kwakadziva kumadokero, nzvimbo iri kumabvazuva, uye nzvimbo iri kumadokero (uko nzvimbo iri pasi pemadhigirii makumi maviri). Nzvimbo iyi ine nzvimbo yakakura zvishoma uye nzvimbo yakakura, uye inogona kutariswa chero bedzi nzvimbo yacho isina kukwira zvakanyanya. Mienzaniso yekupedzisira inzvimbo dzine nzvimbo dziri kuchamhembe dzine mumvuri. Nzvimbo iyi inowana kusvibiswa kushoma, simba diki rinobuda uye nzvimbo yakakura yenzvimbo. Nzvimbo dzakadaro dzinofanira kushandiswa zvishoma sezvinobvira. Kana nzvimbo dzakadaro dzichifanira kushandiswa, zvakanaka kusarudza nzvimbo dzine nzvimbo iri pasi pemadhigirii gumi.

7. Munhu angasarudza sei chivakwa chekuisa raki yemagetsi emugomo?

Nzvimbo ine makomo ine materu ane makwara akasiyana uye misiyano yakakura yemateru, uye kunyange makoronga akadzika kana makomo mune dzimwe nzvimbo. Nokudaro, sisitimu yekutsigira inofanira kugadzirwa nenzira inochinjika sezvinobvira kuti ivandudze kuchinjika kunzvimbo yakaoma: o Chinja masheru marefu kuita masheru mapfupi. o Shandisa chimiro chemasheru chinochinjika zviri nyore kune nzvimbo: rutsigiro rwemurwi wemutsara mumwe chete une musiyano wekukwirira kwekoramu inochinjika, rutsigiro rwakagadzika rwemurwi mumwe chete, kana rutsigiro rwekutevera nekona yekukwira inochinjika inochinjika. o Shandisa rutsigiro rwetambo rwakaiswa muspin refu, izvo zvinogona kubatsira kukunda kusaenzana pakati pemasheru.

8. Chiteshi chemagetsi chePV chisingakuvadzi nharaunda chingava sei chisina njodzi kunharaunda?

Tinopa ruzivo rwakadzama nezvekugadzira nekuongorora nzvimbo pakutanga kwekuvandudza kuti tideredze huwandu hwevhu rinoshandiswa.

9. Ndeupi musiyano uripo pakati pemafekitori emagetsi ePV asingakuvadzi nharaunda nemafekitori emagetsi emazuva ano?

Zvivakwa zvemagetsi zvePV zvisingakuvadzi nharaunda zvine hushamwari kune nharaunda, zvine hushamwari kune grid uye zvine hushamwari kune vatengi. Kana zvichienzaniswa nezvivakwa zvemagetsi zvemazuva ano, zvine hushamwari muhupfumi, mashandiro, tekinoroji uye utsi hwemhepo.

Dzimba Dzakagoverwa

1. Chii chinonzi "kushandisa wega wega, simba rakawandisa paInternet"?

Kugadzira magetsi nemagetsi ekuwedzera uchishandisa wega zvinoreva kuti simba rinogadzirwa nemagetsi e-photovoltaic anoshandiswa zvakanyanya nevanoshandisa magetsi ivo pachavo, uye simba rakawandisa rakabatana nemagetsi. Imhando yebhizinesi yekugadzira magetsi e-photovoltaic anoshandiswa. Kune iyi operating mode, nzvimbo yekubatanidza magetsi e-photovoltaic yakaiswa pa. Padivi remutoro wemita yemushandisi, zvakakosha kuwedzera mita yekuyera yekutumira magetsi e-photovoltaic reverse power kana kuisa mita yekushandisa magetsi e-grid kuita mita yekuyera magetsi yenzira mbiri. Simba re-photovoltaic rinoshandiswa zvakananga nemushandisi pachake rinogona kunakidzwa zvakananga nemutengo wekutengesa wemagetsi nenzira yekuchengetedza magetsi. Magetsi anoyerwa zvakasiyana uye anogadziriswa pamutengo wemagetsi we-on-grid.

2. Chii chinonzi system ye photovoltaic yakaparadzirwa?

Nzvimbo yemagetsi ye photovoltaic yakaparadzirwa inoreva sisitimu yekugadzira magetsi inoshandisa zviwanikwa zvakagoverwa, ine simba diki rakaiswa, uye yakarongwa pedyo nemushandisi. Inowanzo batanidzwa negrid yemagetsi ine voltage level iri pasi pe35 kV kana pasi. Inoshandisa ma photovoltaic modules kushandura zvakananga simba rezuva. yesimba remagetsi. Imhando itsva yekugadzira simba uye kushandiswa kwakazara kwesimba rine mikana yakakura yekuvandudza. Inotsigira misimboti yekugadzira simba iri pedyo, kubatana kwegrid iri pedyo, kushandurwa kuri pedyo, uye kushandiswa kuri pedyo. Haingogone chete kuwedzera simba remagetsi ezviteshi zve photovoltaic zvehukuru hwakafanana, asiwo zvinobudirira Inogadzirisa dambudziko rekurasikirwa kwesimba panguva yekusimudzira nekufambisa kure.

3. Ungasarudza sei voltage yakabatana negrid yesystem yakabatana ne photovoltaic grid?

Voltage yakabatana negrid yesystem yakagoverwa yephotovoltaic inonyanya kutariswa nekugona kwakaiswa kwesystem. Voltage chaiyo yakabatana negrid inofanira kutariswa zvichienderana nekubvumidzwa kwesystem yekambani yegrid. Kazhinji, mhuri dzinoshandisa AC220V kubatanidza kune grid, uye vashandisi vemabhizinesi vanogona kusarudza AC380V kana 10kV kubatanidza kune grid.

4. Ko magreenhouse nemadhamu ehove anogona kuiswa nemasystem akabatana ne photovoltaic grid here?

Kudziisa nekuchengetedza kupisa kwedzimba dzegreenhouse kwagara kuri dambudziko guru rinotambudza varimi. Dzimba dzegreenhouse dzinoshandiswa nemagetsi dzinotarisirwa kugadzirisa dambudziko iri. Nekuda kwekupisa kwakanyanya muzhizha, mhando dzakawanda dzemiriwo hadzigone kukura zvakanaka kubva munaChikumi kusvika Gunyana, uye dzimba dzegreenhouse dzinoshandisa magetsi dzinoshandiswa nemagetsi dzinoita sekuwedzera. Spectrometer inoiswa, iyo inogona kuparadzanisa mwaranzi ye infrared uye kudzivirira kupisa kwakanyanya kuti kusapinde mu greenhouse. Munguva yechando nehusiku, inogonawo kudzivirira chiedza che infrared chiri mu greenhouse kuti chisabude kunze, izvo zvine simba rekuchengetedza kupisa. Dzimba dzegreenhouse dzinoshandisa magetsi dzinogona kupa simba rinodiwa pachiedza mudzimba dzegreenhouse, uye simba rasara rinogonawo kubatanidzwa kugrid. Mu greenhouse inofambiswa nemagetsi inofambiswa nemagetsi inofambiswa nemagetsi inofambiswa nemagetsi inofambiswa nemagetsi inofambiswa nemagetsi inofambiswa nemagetsi inofambiswa nemagetsi inofambiswa nemagetsi inofambiswa nemagetsi inofambiswa nemagetsi inofambiswa nemagetsi inofambiswa nemagetsi inofambiswa nemagetsi inofambiswa nemagetsi inofambiswa nemagetsi inofambiswa nemagetsi ano ... Magadzirirwo emvura anobuda nechiedza (photovoltaic arrays) anogonawo kuiswa mumadziva ehove, madziva anogona kuramba achirera hove, uye magadzirirwo emvura anobuda nechiedza (photovoltaic arrays) anogonawo kupa pekugara pakanaka pakurima hove, izvo zvinogadzirisa zviri nani kusawirirana kuripo pakati pekuvandudzwa kwesimba idzva nekugara kwevanhu vakawanda munyika. Nokudaro, magreenhouse ekurima nemadziva ehove. Sisitimu yekugadzira simba inobuda nechiedza (photovoltaic power generation system) inogona kuiswa.

5. Ndedzipi nzvimbo dzakakodzera kuisa masisitimu ekugadzira magetsi e photovoltaic akaparadzirwa?

Zvivako zvemafekitori mumunda wemaindasitiri: kunyanya mumafekitori ane magetsi akawanda anoshandiswa uye anodhura zvakanyanya pakutenga online, kazhinji zvivakwa zvemafekitori zvine nzvimbo yakakura yedenga uye matenga akavhurika uye akati sandara, ayo akakodzera kuisa ma photovoltaic arrays uye nekuda kwesimba guru, masisitimu akabatana ne photovoltaic grid anogona kushandiswa munharaunda kuti adzivise chikamu chemagetsi ekutenga online, nokudaro achichengetedza mabhiri emagetsi evashandisi.
Zvivako zvemabhizinesi: Mhedzisiro yacho yakafanana neyemapaki emaindasitiri, musiyano ndewekuti zvivakwa zvemabhizinesi zvinowanzova nedenga resimende, iro rinonyanya kukodzera kuiswa kwemagetsi emagetsi, asi kazhinji zvine zvinodiwa pakunaka kwezvivakwa. Zvichienderana nezvivakwa zvemabhizinesi, zvivako zvemahofisi, mahotera, nzvimbo dzemisangano, nzvimbo dzekutandarira, nezvimwewo. Nekuda kwehunhu hweindasitiri yebasa, hunhu hwemutoro wevashandisi hunowanzo kuve hwakakwira masikati uye hwakaderera husiku, izvo zvinogona kuenderana zviri nani nehunhu hwekugadzira magetsi emagetsi emagetsi emagetsi.
Zvivako zvekurima: Kune matenga akawanda aripo munzvimbo dzekumaruwa, kusanganisira dzimba dzevanhu vanozvishandira, mashedhi emiriwo, madziva ehove, nezvimwewo. Nzvimbo dzekumaruwa dzinowanzova pamagumo egrid yemagetsi yeruzhinji, uye mhando yemagetsi haina kunaka. Kuvaka masisitimu emagetsi anopararira munzvimbo dzekumaruwa kunogona kuvandudza kuchengetedzeka kwemagetsi uye mhando yemagetsi.
Zvivako zvemumaguta nezvimwe zveveruzhinji: Nekuda kwemitemo yakabatana yekutarisira, mutoro wevashandisi wakavimbika uye maitiro ebhizinesi, uye kufarira kukuru kwekuisa, zvivakwa zvemumaguta nezvimwe zveveruzhinji zvakakodzerawo kuvaka pakati nepakati uye pedyo kwemagetsi akapararira emagetsi.
Nzvimbo dzekurima nedzekupfuya dziri kure: Nekuda kwedaro kubva pagrid yemagetsi, kuchine mamiriyoni evanhu vasina magetsi munzvimbo dzekurima nedzekupfuya dziri kure, pamwe chete nepazvitsuwa zvemahombekombe. Masisitimu emagetsi ekunze kwegrid kana kuti Anopa simba rekuwedzera mamwe masosi esimba, sisitimu yekugadzira magetsi ye micro-grid yakakodzera kushandiswa munzvimbo idzi.

6. Kugadzira magetsi emagetsi anoparadzirwa ne photovoltaic kwakakodzera kupi?

Chekutanga, inogona kusimudzirwa muzvivakwa zvakasiyana-siyana nenzvimbo dzeveruzhinji munyika yese kugadzira sisitimu yekugadzira magetsi inobuda nemagetsi, uye kushandisa zvivakwa zvakasiyana-siyana zvemunharaunda nenzvimbo dzeveruzhinji kugadzira sisitimu yekugadzira magetsi inobuda nemagetsi kuti igutse chikamu chezvinodiwa nemagetsi nevanoshandisa magetsi uye kupa magetsi anoshandiswa zvakanyanya. Makambani anogona kupa magetsi ekugadzira;
Chechipiri ndechekuti inogona kusimudzirwa munzvimbo dziri kure dzakadai sezvitsuwa nedzimwe nzvimbo dzine magetsi mashoma uye dzisina magetsi ekugadzira masisitimu ekugadzira magetsi kunze kwegrid kana ma micro-grid. Nekuda kwemusiyano uripo mukukura kwehupfumi, kuchine vamwe vanhu vari munzvimbo dziri kure munyika yangu vasina kugadzirisa dambudziko guru rekushandiswa kwemagetsi. Mapurojekiti egrid anonyanya kuvimba nekuwedzera kwegrid hombe dzemagetsi, simba diki remvura, simba diki rekupisa uye mamwe magetsi. Zvakaoma zvikuru kuwedzera grid yemagetsi, uye radius yemagetsi yakareba zvakanyanya, zvichikonzera kushaya simba kwemagetsi. Kugadzirwa kwemagetsi akagoverwa kunze kwegrid hakungogadzirisi dambudziko rekushomeka kwemagetsi chete. Vagari vari munzvimbo dzine magetsi mashoma vane matambudziko ekushandisa magetsi, uye vanogonawo kushandisa simba rinogona kuvandudzwa munzvimbo dzakachena uye zvinobudirira, vachigadzirisa zvinobudirira kusawirirana kuripo pakati pesimba nenharaunda.

7. Ndeapi mafomu ekushandisa ekugadzira simba re photovoltaic rakaparadzirwa?

Kugadzira magetsi e photovoltaic akaparadzirwa kunosanganisira mafomu ekushandisa akadai se grid-connected, off-grid uye multi-energy complementary micro-grids. Kugadzira magetsi akaparadzirwa akabatana negrid-connected kunonyanya kushandiswa pedyo nevashandisi. Tenga magetsi kubva kugrid kana magetsi asina kukwana, uye tengesa magetsi online kana paine magetsi akawandisa. Kugadzira magetsi e photovoltaic akaparadzirwa anoshandiswa zvakanyanya munzvimbo dziri kure nenzvimbo dzezvitsuwa. Haana kubatana negrid hombe yemagetsi, uye anoshandisa sisitimu yake yekugadzira magetsi uye sisitimu yekuchengetedza simba kupa simba zvakananga kumutoro. Sisitimu ye photovoltaic yakagoverwa inogona zvakare kugadzira sisitimu yemagetsi emagetsi akawanda ine simba yakawanda nedzimwe nzira dzekugadzira magetsi, dzakadai semvura, mhepo, chiedza, nezvimwewo, iyo inogona kushandiswa yakazvimirira se micro-grid kana kubatanidzwa mugrid kuti network ishande.

8. Mari yekudyara inoshandiswa nemapurojekiti evagari vemo ingani?

Parizvino, kune mhinduro dzakawanda dzemari dzinogona kusangana nezvinodiwa nevashandisi vakasiyana. Mari shoma yekutanga ndiyo inodiwa, uye chikwereti chinobhadharwa kuburikidza nemari inowanikwa kubva mukugadzirwa kwemagetsi gore rega rega, kuitira kuti vanakidzwe nehupenyu hwegirini hunounzwa nemagetsi ezuva nezuva.